事件基督教伊斯兰教犹太教跨传统共享传统以1095/1096–1291 为核心；观念与余波更长Core often 1095/96–1291; ideas and afterlives longer
十字军东征（双轨史观）The Crusades (Dual-Track Views)
11–13 世纪（及余波）拉丁基督武装赴近东等地的系列远征。H 轨：虔诚、暴力、殖民前结构与多方史料；T 轨：十字圣战 vs 抵抗法兰克人/圣战记忆。Series of Latin Christian armed expeditions to the Near East (11th–13th c. and after). H-track: piety, violence, proto-colonial structures, multipolar sources; T-track: holy cross war vs resistance to Franks/jihad memory.